Daily health care for pregnant mothers during the 28th week of pregnancy

Treatment of Edema in Pregnancy Edema in pregnancy is a symptom of edema of the lower limbs that occurs in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, abdominal circumference increasing faster than the month of pregnancy, significant weight gain, and even swelling of the head, neck, face, and body. Edema in pregnancy is mainly due to the continuous growth of the uterus, which compresses the inferior vena cava and pelvic veins, blocking the return of blood in the lower limbs, increasing the venous pressure in the lower limbs, and increasing the pressure in the capillaries. After the plasma osmotic pressure is exceeded, the fluid in the body will penetrate into the tissues. gaps, causing edema. In addition, nutritional hypoalbuminemia, anemia and pregnancy-induced hypertension are also causes of edema. Generally speaking, mild edema can be recovered with rest and dietary adjustments. Pregnant mothers with edema caused by malnutrition need to maintain their diet and eat enough protein. Special attention should be paid to ensuring adequate intake of livestock, poultry, meat, fish, shrimp, eggs, milk and other foods every day. When edema occurs, you must pay attention to blood pressure and proteinuria. Simple edema has little impact, but edema caused by pregnancy-induced hypertension is dangerous. What to do if a pregnant mother has polyhydramnios. Amniotic fluid is composed of the fluid from the pregnant mother\’s serum that penetrates through the amniotic membrane into the amniotic cavity and fetal urine. It protects the fetus from squeezing, prevents fetal body adhesion, and maintains constant temperature and pressure in the uterine cavity. The amniotic fluid of a normal pregnant mother is about 1000 ml. When the amount of amniotic fluid exceeds 2000 ml, it is called polyhydramnios. Polyhydramnios can cause the pregnant mother\’s uterus to rapidly overexpand, causing abdominal pain, bloating and other discomforts, oppressing the heart and lungs, causing palpitation, shortness of breath, and inability to lie down, etc., oppressing the veins of the lower limbs, causing edema and ascites in the lower limbs and vulva; it may also cause fetal positioning Abnormalities, premature rupture of fetal membranes can lead to premature delivery, and poor uterine contraction can easily lead to postpartum bleeding and other symptoms. Therefore, once a pregnant mother finds that her abdomen is significantly enlarged, she should immediately go to the hospital for examination to confirm whether she has polyhydramnios so that timely treatment can be provided. What should pregnant mothers do if the amniotic fluid volume is less than 300 ml? It is called oligohydramnios. At least, it is only a few milliliters. At this time, the fetal skin and amniotic membrane are closely connected, with almost no gap. During B-ultrasound examination, the horizontal segment of amniotic fluid is less than 3 mm. Oligohydramnios has little impact on pregnant mothers, but it is very harmful to the fetus. It is common in fetal urinary system abnormalities, such as congenital kidney deficiency, renal hypoplasia, etc. Late pregnancy often coexists with postterm pregnancy and placental insufficiency. When oligohydramnios is diagnosed, one should be wary of fetal malformations, fetal hypoxia and placental insufficiency. If there is no fetal malformation, the pregnant mother should pay close attention to fetal movement changes, follow up the uterine growth and check the amniotic fluid level with B-ultrasound. If necessary, continuous placental function testing should be done to know whether there is fetal deficiency, such as follow-up blood or Urine, fetal heart rate monitoring, etc. Once abnormalities are discovered, caesarean section should be considered to deliver the fetus as soon as possible to ensure the safety of the fetus. What to do if a pregnant mother falls? Pregnant mothers may fall down accidentally. At this time, it depends on which part is hit when the fall occurs, and whether the degree of squeezing, pressure, and fall is severe. When a pregnant mother falls, if her abdomen hits something or her whole body falls heavily, even if her abdomen is not twisted but she receives a huge shock or impact, she should pay attention to whether the fetus is affected. The main impact after a fall is early placental detachment.That is, the placenta is separated from the uterine wall, which will cause the fetus to be deprived of oxygen and nutrient supply, resulting in hypoxia, which can lead to death in severe cases. When premature placental detachment occurs. Abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding may occur. Once this occurs, you need to go to the hospital immediately. If there is no abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding, you also need to pay attention to fetal movements after falling. If there are any abnormal fetal movements, such as very frequent fetal movements, you should also go to the hospital for treatment. If the fetal movements are normal and there is no bleeding or abdominal pain, the situation is estimated to be good. If possible, you should also listen to the fetal heart rate, or do a fetal heart rate monitoring test if necessary to make sure the fetus is in good condition before you can rest assured. Exercise principles for pregnant mothers to exercise safely. Exercise must be suitable for your own physical ability. Don\’t force it. You must master the principle of gradual progress and from easy to difficult. Warm-up and cool-down activities. You should walk slower at the beginning. After walking for about 5 to 10 minutes, then speed up the pace. This will also have a warm-up effect. Exercise Essentials. It is better to do exercise one hour after meals. Do not exercise when you feel hungry, because if you exercise when your blood sugar is too low, your blood sugar will drop even lower and accidents may occur. At this time, you can eat some food to satisfy your hunger. Don\’t do aerobic exercise within an hour before bed. After exercise, the body\’s blood circulation will be better, which will secrete endorphins in the brain, making the mind more excited, which may make it difficult to fall asleep. However, this does not apply to activities that target specific muscle parts, such as simple gymnastics or soft exercises. The exercise environment must first be safe, not prone to slipping, and avoid hot and cold environments. Hot and cold environments will increase the load on the heart of pregnant mothers. Choose a lower starting point. Large exercise classes are not suitable for pregnant mothers, so choose an exercise class with a lower starting point. Show your pregnancy. In the gym or other sports venues, you can ask a coach to help you choose suitable exercises. Clothing and equipment. Clothing should be comfortable, wear loose, comfortable and sweat-absorbent clothes, suitable sports shoes, sweat-absorbent socks, etc. Replenish water and nutrients in time. You should replenish water appropriately before and during exercise. Increase food calories moderately. If you can exercise regularly every day, you can increase your caloric intake appropriately every day. The importance of relaxing activities. Stretch the muscles after exercise to relax them, and at the same time help the body metabolize, eliminate waste produced during exercise, and return the body to a calmer state. Otherwise, muscles are prone to soreness. Maintenance of heart rate. It should be maintained below 140/min. The most convenient way to check is to be able to talk while exercising. If you are unable to talk, it means that the exercise intensity is too high, which may cause the body to provide too little oxygen to the fetus. Home Safety Instructions for Pregnant Mothers Pregnant mothers should not only be careful outdoors, but also at home. Don\’t let the place you trust the most become the place most likely to harm your baby. Home corridors and floors should not be waxed; it is best to install guardrails and handrails on stairs that are easy to slip; try to reduce the protruding parts of furniture to avoid hitting the pregnant mother\’s abdomen in case of a fall; arrange items according to the frequency and order of use, and put commonly used items away In easy-to-reach places, the wires of electrical appliances should be avoided from being tangled to prevent tripping; try to use the toilet when going to the bathroom, and use squatting as a last resort.When using the toilet, it is best to hold the walls or handles on both sides with your hands. Hazardous handrails, railings or home sunbathing tables that are damaged or cracked should be carefully inspected to prevent accidents.