Psychological nutrition of children in various stages

In addition to providing physiological nutrition for physical growth, children\’s growth also needs to provide psychological nutrition for an open mind. In the infancy period of 0-1 years old, during this stage of psychological nutrition, the companion needs to accept the child unconditionally and let the child know that he is the most important. This is related to the child\’s sense of trust and security in society when he grows up. How should we satisfy his psychological nutrition at this stage of 0-1 years old? First, you must have a fixed companion. At this stage, it is best for the mother to take care of the child by herself. Whether it is the elderly at home or a nanny, they can assist, but they cannot replace the role of the mother. If the fixed companion is frequently changed, the child may be looking for it throughout his life. Who should he trust the most. Second, give him physical and emotional feedback. The needs of children at this stage are mainly expressed through crying. We should respond to him in time to see if he is hungry, peed, tired, etc., and interact with him more when he is awake, so that the child will feel The world is warm, I am lovely, and people are trustworthy, thus forming a particularly good sense of security and trust. Recommended scientific parenting books. I really hope my parents have read this book and download the electronic version. Third, companions should also pay attention to taking care of their own emotions. As mothers and family members around us, we must also take good care of our own emotions. We must love ourselves well, because our emotions will also affect our children\’s emotions. Don\’t think that children at this stage don\’t understand anything. In fact, these will be ingrained in their early subconscious. 1-3 years old Early childhood, psychological nutrition After the age of 1, the child realizes psychologically that he is an independent individual and is separated from his important other mother, although the child\’s memory is usually forgotten before the age of three Yes, but the subconscious awareness of autonomy and rules is formed at this stage. First, understand the characteristics of this stage and be a good supporter of the child\’s psychological development. At this stage, the child\’s language ability, memory ability, and physical development are developing rapidly. We can give him enough freedom and space while ensuring safety protection. , let him start to use his body and sense organs to explore the world around him. Second, give your children enough freedom and accept their emotions. While giving your children more care, parents should also give your children more opportunities to be exposed to external stimulation to better help them develop their own personality traits. At this stage, the emotions feel a little impulsive and irritable, because at this stage, children often use release strategies, such as crying and contradicting, to tell adults about their sense of autonomy. Parents must be patient enough to accept them. Third, discover the uniqueness of the child. In addition, some innate characteristics of the child will slowly show up between the ages of 1 and 3. We must treat the innate characteristics reasonably and discover and use the child\’s talents in the process of accompanying the child. and interest, guided by the trend. 3-6 years old preschool period, psychological nutrition When we talked about Erikson’s social and psychological development before, we said that this stage is to overcome the conflict between the sense of autonomy and guilt and cultivate the spirit of exploration. If the child can be encouraged and praised frequently, the child\’s spirit of exploration and creativity will be enhanced.After the age of 3, a child begins to have his own memories. What does he want to know most? What would he be interested in? He really wants to know what kind of person he is, what kind of interests he has, what he can do, and what are his characteristics. He obtains these from the important others around him, which can be summarized in three aspects: First, my outlook on life: at this stage, the child’s important other person before the age of 3 is mainly the mother, and after the age of 3, it may be the mother. Dad, the child hopes to get affirmation, praise and recognition from his father. If the father gives enough praise and recognition at this stage, he can leave a precious and very important psychological protection net for the child, and even throughout the entire growth period in the future, he can Rarely influenced by others. Second, my self-image: The self-image is not only external, but also internal, because children understand who they are through important others. We tell them that you are kind, brave, and strong. Only then can he have a good self-image, and this self-image can help children think highly of themselves. Third, my gender identity: We can tell our children, I am so happy that you are my son, you can be brave and strong, and slowly let the children like their own gender and like that they are a boy. If you have a daughter, you can tell her, I\’m so happy, you are my daughter, you are cute, you are beautiful and brave, etc. Of course, these appreciations and recognition must be immediate, specific to the event, and focus on the process rather than the final result. When speaking, attitude is also very important, and you must be sincere. In the school-age period of 6-12 years old, at this stage of psychological nutrition, children begin important studies. Competence breeds self-confidence, and frustration breeds low self-esteem. What kind of psychological nutrition do parents need to give their children: This stage has been mentioned in the previous stage theory. To cultivate a sense of diligence, the so-called sense of diligence, first, have a good study habit; second, establish a belief deep in the heart. , all learning is accumulated bit by bit, and success in life is always a leap from quantitative change to qualitative change, there is no one-click switch. But whether or how to do this, children actually need someone to imitate. Therefore, there needs to be an important other person as an imitation object for his sense of diligence, problem handling, interpersonal communication, emotional processing, etc. This is an important psychological nourishment at this stage. Therefore, it is understandable that some children who do not have a good relationship with their parents at this stage will seek outsiders as important imitation objects, such as chasing stars. The most important thing for children is to learn in three aspects. If parents are important others to their children, they must set an example: the first is how parents handle problems and their abilities; the second is how parents face problems. How do we manage various interpersonal relationships? Thirdly, how do parents deal with their own emotions, such as when they are angry, sad, or frustrated? The child\’s brain will memorize all the attitudes and methods of father and mother, so it is important to lead by example.