Symptoms of early pregnancy and dietary principles for pregnant mothers in the 13th week

The most easily overlooked nutrients: Human beings obtain energy from food. Most foods are composed of five basic nutrients: protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Due to the improvement of living standards and people\’s emphasis on nutrition during pregnancy, as long as there are no obvious picky eaters or partial eclipses, the intake of protein, sugar and fat in the diet is usually sufficient. Since the content of most vitamins and minerals in the human body is very low and the requirements are very small, a balanced diet can usually meet the needs during pregnancy. There are also some vitamins and minerals, because the demand during pregnancy is significantly higher than usual. If they are ignored during pregnancy and the intake is not increased, the growth and development of the fetus may be affected due to the low content in the pregnant mother. During the examination of pregnant mothers, it was found that iron deficiency anemia is very common. Research shows that pregnant mothers and fetuses need 4 mg of iron daily during the second trimester. As pregnancy progresses, the pregnant mother\’s need for iron increases exponentially. If it cannot be supplemented in time, the health of the mother and fetus will be affected. Calcium is also a mineral that everyone is paying more attention to now. Throughout pregnancy, the calcium needed by the fetus is provided by the mother, especially 4 months after pregnancy, when the fetus is growing rapidly, and the demand for calcium increases from the 800 mg required by adults to 1,200 mg. mg. With such a large demand, it is sometimes difficult to meet the requirements through dietary supplements alone, and calcium tablets are often required. Folic acid is a water-soluble vitamin of the B vitamins. It is very helpful for cell metabolism and growth. It plays an important role in maintaining the development of fetal nerve cells and reducing congenital abnormalities. In the second trimester, folic acid intake and supplementation should be appropriately increased. Malnutrition has many harmful effects. Pregnant mothers should pay attention to a reasonable and balanced diet in the second trimester, otherwise it may cause malnutrition, which is detrimental to both the fetus and the mother. Malnutrition can lead to anemia in pregnant mothers. Anemia in pregnant mothers has certain harmful effects, often causing premature birth and increasing neonatal mortality. In severe cases, the baby\’s liver lacks iron reserves and is prone to anemia. Pregnant mothers with anemia have low resistance and are prone to infection. Maternal malnutrition can also affect the intellectual development of the fetus. During the fetal brain development period, if the pregnant mother is malnourished, the growth and development of fetal brain cells will be delayed, and DNA synthesis will be excessively slow, which will affect brain cell proliferation and myelin formation. Therefore, Maternal nutritional status may directly affect the brain tissue maturation process and intellectual development of the next generation. Related articles: Symptoms of early pregnancy [13th week] Pay attention to appropriate calcium supplements. During pregnancy, women’s bodies will lack a large amount of calcium, because all calcium needed for fetal development comes from the mother’s body. In other words, a considerable part of the existing calcium in the pregnant mother\’s body must enter the fetus. If the calcium intake of the pregnant mother is insufficient, it will have a greater impact on the fetus and the pregnant mother herself. When there is a mild calcium deficiency, the body will mobilize the calcium in the mother\’s bones to maintain normal blood calcium. When there is a severe calcium deficiency, the pregnant mother will experience leg cramps and even cause osteoporosis. Maternal calcium deficiency can also have adverse effects on the growth and development of the fetus. Children are prone to abnormalities such as skull softening, wide bone sutures, and delayed fontanel closure after birth. Therefore, it is right for pregnant mothers to supplement calcium in a timely and sufficient amount.Very important.